72Predictions for a large-scale Nankai Trough earthquake in KagawaJapanese Seismic Intensity ScaleMany thick sheets of rock cover the surface of the Earth. These sheets of rock are called plates. As the plates move gradually, they collide with each other at their boundaries. When the plates collide, they bend with the pressure. An earthquake occurs when the plates can no longer bend to withstand the pressure, and break. Kagawa prefecture is on the north-eastern (upper right) side of the island of Shikoku. Shikoku sits on the Eurasian Plate. The Philippine Sea Plate in the Pacific Ocean to the south of Shikoku is slowly sliding underneath the Eurasian Plate. The movements of the Philippine Sea Plate are pulling the Eurasian Plate downwards. There is a large trench in between the boundaries of these two plates. This trench is called the Nankai Trough, and the earthquakes that occur there are called Nankai Trough earthquakes.Nankai Trough earthquakes occur once every 90 to 150 years. There is a 70-80% chance that a Nankai Trough earthquake will occur within the next 30 years.Tsunami height Number of buildings destroyedNumber of deathsOver 3 metersNumber of injured35,0006,20019,0002 Understanding Nankai Trough Earthquakes (Major earthquakes in Kagawa)
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